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fuurrnn sra'rus .PAST-ENT .ernten CHS. F. VOORHIES, OFv NEVARIQ NEW' JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO WM. AND J. N. '.LU'ITLE.

DOOR Jaun OTHER LOGK.

Specicationiof Letters .Patent Nm 3,125, dated June 9, 1843.

To all whom t mag/concern: Y

Be it known that L'CnAnL-ns F. VOOR- Hms, of Newark, in the county OfEsseX -and State of New J ersey,ly have invented Ia new and useful Lock for Doors and other.v Purposes; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full and exact description.

Figure I, A, isa longitudinal section of-ia hollow tube or cylinder, having a head or cap inwhich is'a'rou'nd aperture at I), and a; rim c c orfastening. Alongitudinal slit g runs from; its lower -end I(whiohend .is

open) extending quite :through the tube, and terminating. at ornear the cap. The place of this .is shown by dot-ted lines. F rorn'th-is lateral slits L 7L, branch of.

`F ig. Il, B is another similarsection of a tube just enoughsmaller in diameterthan the preceding to slidewithin it-is also hellow'and has theaperture 'e in 'the head squared. 'The lower end is entirely Open like A, ;Fig. l. z', seenvalso in B (which is a perspective of the sainetube) is a projecting piece or bit. vThis tubehas; also-1a longitudinal slity g of the-width 'of that of A, butihas no lateral or horizontalY ones.

Fig. III, C is another tube to slidezwithin B inthe same manner that the latter slides within A. This tubehas no-slit vlikethe others, butv hasy a small one at itsflower end, (see dotted lines) .torl a s purpose 1 hereafter to be shown. 2 is abit similar to'z' inthe last figure, but longer for areason which will be seen -whenthesetubes are put v. together. e2 the'aperture, which lis smaller than that OB. The tubes may be of brass', wrought, or castironforany other suit-able' material.

It may now be seenthatwhen1B,Q(Fig.=

2) isplaced'withinA, (F ig..11)-its upper end irst,-the bit in the former will-pass freelythrough the whole length of' the slitfg` of the latter, the head or cap-Of B being thereby brought into close proximity to the cap of A. 'The bit z'- (see'fB21Fig. 2,) must be in aline with its slit g, so:that==when it (the bit) passes through the slit OfA, (Figf l) the said slit g'of B2 Fig. 2, will correspend with the longitudinal one OfA, (F ig.

l), and Vbe directly'beneathit. f'The bite'2 of C, (Fig. 3) .plays in the's'lit of:B,; Fig.

Q) as the latter'does in the slit ot'A,r Fig..

l). l-laving to reach through both the tub-esfB (F ig. 2) and A, (Fi-g. l) in Order. to come to the Outer surfacenof the latter,

piece, f whichV piece works the latch or bolt.

11a-nd@ Vare spiral; springsof brass or other material (one Otwhichis sliow'n separately atthe right of this figure) placed within andbetweenthe heads or caps yof the tubes tovkeep them properly separated. rr is a platei or box upon,or withinwhichtheeX- ternaltubeAis fastened-fbyfmeans lof the runt c, or Otherwise. .This tube is of course stationary, .having no mot-ion while; the inner Iones B and C have both ailongitu'dinal and lateral motionnwithin it, kwhenacted upon: by the-key.

.'Fig. V, represents perspectivelythe tube A, (Fig.=l,)f.notfattached to the. llatch plate, aud with the twoxiuner'tubes 5B, (.Fig. 2) and C (Fig. f3) Asupposed ,to be'withinit. z'rz'are the lbrits'rofthesetubesseen.in the 'slitg,:a:nd directly opposite tothe lateral slits L-z'.

VI, the key Z m n are shoulders or bearings to be varied 2in different locks. Directly underneath the shoulder m the shaft is square, tocorrespond infsize withl the squarefaperture @oftlie tuloeL=B (Fig.;2). Insteadv of: this H4square on' the keyal purpose also l to 'maken bit .or bitsztoproject from the key at m and to shape the aperture b ofA Fig. ll accordingly that'the :saidbits onV the key mayfenter, 'and' be received into a. cutuaa'de .across the head or cap. OB', t see B2) `which willserve insteadfof the square' for: giving the inner tubes their properffho'rizontal or lateral motion. =.In` this V"case .eef Fig. 2 will be round, yand correspond@ inf size withb ofFg. l.

The parts? being put together as inFig. "4

suppose the kevtobegapplied. AAs itfpasses through the `aperture b OtitheQeXternal tube A, and the' apertures eiandfegioftheinner ones, its 'shoulders m and' n strike. simulta-l neously jor in-A succession onttlie sides fof: the latter-apertures, and: Overcoming the `force of thesprings (1):'andl (2)', pressthejinner tubes (whiclrare shortervthan the outerfone A) downward t0 a certain point determined by i the VV,place ofithe shoulder 'il :of th'eg-ikey,

which shoulder does not pass into A, but bears upon the sides of the aperture. Suppose these points to be indicated by the lateral slits 7L 71. (sce Fig. 5) it is evident that the square part of the key, being in the square aperture e of the tube B, will turn the tube B and with it its bit, and also the tube C ,and its bit, into the said lateral slits 71. 71..' andthe piece f which works the latch or bolt, being connected with the tube C by a bit passing into a slit of the latter as before explained, will also be turned with the tubes. In order that the bits on the tubes may be brought back more readily from the lateral slits into the longitudinal one after the lock has been unlocked, a spring is attached to the piece f, or the latch upon which it acts. The bits have the power of moving beyond these points, and would do so if this shoulder was taken off.

I design to make the piece f, or the lower end of one of the inner tubes move a bolt and thus adapt the lock to the purposes of locks in general. To effect this, the bits e'. z' (Fig. 5) will not require to be brought back by the spring just mentioned into the longitudinal groove g, but carried on quite through the lateral slits /L- z. into other longitudinal slits running parallel with c, shown by the dotted line g2 g2. Into these the bits fall back when the key is withdrawn into their natural places, and the bolt is thereby prevented from moving back unless the bits are carried by the key through the lateral slits again into the longitudinal one g. I also purpose to continue the lateral slits L 7L on the opposite side of the longitudinal one g so that the bits and key may be turned either .way to unlock the latch or lock. These are shown by dotted lines (see h2 71.2 Fig. 5).

In the drawings I have represented the lock with but two bits, and two inner tubes or sections; but I purpose to construct them with a greater number, for additional security.

In part 2, and at the right of the figures already described are shown other modes which I intend to employ in constructing the lock. Figs. 8, 9 and l0, are sections or parts so formed, that when they are joined lengthwise they will appear like a single tube or cylinder. In Figs. S and 9, c and e2 are the apertures-z' and 2 the bits. Fig. 10 is the piece which works the latch or bolt. These sections are placed lengthwise into the external tube A (see Fig. l), with springs between them as in Fig. 4. It is plain that these sections will slide one upon another longitudinally without being fully detached, and without allowing of any horizontal motion of one without the rest, and that the same result will be gained as by the tubes before described. I intend also to dispense with the section 10, corresponding to the piece f in Y Fig. 4, and make one of the other sections or tubes to pass through the latch platepor face like so many concentric circles one within another; resembling a1 at the right of this figure (which shows 3 tubes protruding). A circular box Y containing as many springs as there are inner tubes, and which springs are separated from one another by partitions (see Z) is now placed on the side of the latch plate r r, opposite to that upon which the outer tube A is fastened in such a manner that the springs in the box will come directly against the ends of the aforesaid tubes (each tube having its own spring, which is of the same diameter as itself) and thus keep the tubes and bits in their places in the upper part of the outer tube A. This spring box may be in one piece wit-h the latch plate if deemed advisable, as in the gure; and a knob, as shown by the dotted lines may work over to conceal said box, which knob works the latch or bolt. The eiect of this arrangement is to make the springs and tubes act more independently of one another, and make it unnecessary to have the tubes so long as if the springs were within andrbetween them, thus saving room and allowing of more variation for the bits. I intend also to apply this principle to the construction of padlocks. Fig. 13 shows how this may be done by confining a tube similar to A, (Fig. l) within another tube T, having no slit or opening except one for the key at 0, and another for the end of the hasp h to enter where it is secured in a manner not described by the action of the key. The particular form of the lock, and the particular manner of securing the end h of the hasp, I deem it not necessary to describe. Besides padlocks, the principle of the improvement may be applied to other purposes, oney of which is to secure stop cocks or faucets of hydrants in cities, which might be described ifnecessary.: .y

Fig. lat is aperspective viewof alock made on the plan described in. Fig. 4.-A, the external tube, K, the key. s s the plate t the latch, fw a horn or followerrmly at.- tached to the piece f for raising the latch :c a projection on the latter on which a spring y bears, for keepingit down.- a a slit in the latch that it may be drawn back when not in use by the knob v the aforesaid spring keeping it in its place.

In carrying out of the principle of this invention, I Wish to coniine myself to no particular arrangement.

IVhat I claim and desire to be secured in by Letters Patent in this invention is- The combination of tubes or sections Working Within or against one another in the manner and for the purposes mentioned and referred to; and in connection With said tube, the movable bits attached to them, Which, following the motion of the tubes or sections, are when acted on by the key, carried to certain points of the longitudinal slit of the outer tube, as described, at Which points the said bits may CHARLES F. VOORHIES.

Iitnesses 2 SMITH ROBERTS, M. I. SNYDER. 

